Most trials report 6–24 month follow-up; longer data are scant. Some patients see improvement fade within 12–18 months. Underlying neurodegeneration is expected to progress regardless, so durable long-term benefit is biologically unlikely without continuous neuroprotection. Repeated infusions are sometimes proposed without evidence of cumulative benefit.
Parkinson's disease results from progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra. Stem-cell research pursues two complementary routes: neurogenic cells differentiated toward dopamine neurons are studied to replace lost cells and restore dopamine signalling, while placental mesenchymal stem cells are explored for neuroprotection — slowing degeneration through anti-inflammatory and growth-factor secretion. Preclinical evidence suggests dopamine-releasing cells can reinnervate the striatum and that trophic factors may delay neuronal death. Key challenges are achieving cell survival, integration and functional restoration in a degenerating brain. Most trials are early-phase, with modest motor changes reported.
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由 StemCellAtlas 的编辑团队进行医学审查，与Kiian Nadiia, MD, PhD (Paediatric Neurologist · Medical Director, CSM Clinic Network · 12+ yrs in Autism Spectrum Disorders) 合作诊所 Stem Plus（索菲亚）的，根据 ISSCR、FDA 和 EMA 指南。 Educational information, not medical advice; figures indicative.
位于欧盟核心的 GMP 认证再生医学诊所——费用 3,000–8,000 欧元起，仅为美国或德国价格的一小部分。为来自 50 多个国家的国际患者提供个性化方案。
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