For patients with advanced AMD or inherited retinal dystrophies who face progressive blindness, participation in a reputable clinical trial offers hope for vision stabilisation or modest restoration, with acceptable risk if conducted at a major academic centre. For mild-to-moderate cases responsive to current therapies (anti-VEGF injections, laser, vitamins), cell therapy is not yet justified.
Macular degeneration—both age-related (AMD) and inherited forms—involves progressive death of photoreceptor cells (rods and cones) in the central retina. In AMD, a combination of lipid accumulation (drusen), oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation triggers degeneration of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), the supportive layer feeding photoreceptors. In inherited retinal dystrophies, genetic mutations directly compromise photoreceptor function or survival. Cell therapy approaches aim to replace lost photoreceptors or RPE cells using fetal-stage stem cells, placental MSCs, or induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived retinal cells. These cell types can differentiate into photoreceptors or RPE in controlled environments. The proposed mechanism involves transplantation of functional cells into the macula, where they integrate into damaged retinal circuits and restore light sensitivity and signal transmission to the brain.
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Revizuit medical de echipa editorială a StemCellAtlas cu the Stem Plus medical team (physicians & scientists · GMP-certified Sofia laboratory · 25+ yrs international experience) ale clinicii partenere Stem Plus (Sofia), în funcție de orientările ISSCR, FDA și EMA. Educational information, not medical advice; figures indicative.
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